Descrizione

HBsAg Card Single-phase for the qualitative determination of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg Test) in serum or plasma.

This virus is the most common cause of acute hepatitis. Like all other hepatitis-causing viruses, hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most severe form of this disease. Hepatitis B is a disease caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This DNA virus has three antigenic structures. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAG) which is known as Australia antigen and is present on the outside i.e. on the virus capsid. There are also two other important antigenic structures to be determined with HBSAG Card in the central part of the virus called Nucleocapsis. These are hepatitis B virus antigen (HBCAG) and Antigen and Hepatitis B (HBEAG). For a period of six months, it can be said that hepatitis B virus infection chronicizes. The hepatitis B virus can cause very serious infections by giving liver diseases such as cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer).

The hepatitis B virus places its genetic material in the liver cells and multiplies by exploiting the replication of the hepatic cells with a schizogenic mechanism.
The human body’s immune system starts attacking its own liver cells that contain the genetic material of the virus. In other words the virus indirectly damages the liver. Continuous attacks of the immune system causes damage and death of liver cells. Hepatitis B can be transmitted by blood-based products, dental care, sexual intercourse, by sharing the needle in the use of intravenous drugs or through tattooing, piercing, acupuncture and contaminated instruments or from mother to child at birth. Hepatitis B is the most common infectious disease in the world. At least 350 million people are the chronic vector of the disease. The geographic distribution of the disease varies in many regions in the world.

Principle

HBsAg Card is based on the immunocromatographic principle. The HBSAG Card device includes the sample well with the test reactive zone. The sample is held by a permeable membrane. The membrane consists of three areas. The first area is mobile and the others are stable. The mobile area includes monoclonal antibodies and sensitive particles of coloured colloidal gold. The second stable area of the membrane forms the test band. The third area is the one that forms the control band and contains anti-mouse immunoglobulins. The serum/Plasma sample moves along the membrane and, if the sample includes enough antigen, within the sensitivity range of the device, a complex is formed with the coloured colloidal gold conjugate which in turn moves further on the membrane To the test area indicated with the letter “T” forming the test Band “T”.

Because the band in this area is related to the presence of HBSAG in the sample, the presence or absence of this band in the test area indicates a positive result or a negative test result. Colloidal gold particles which are not bound in the test area, move to the control area indicated by the letter “C” in order to form the control band “C”, independently of the presence of HBSAG. This band that is formed in this area, acts as a control device, proving that there is enough sample in the device and that the flow has happened correctly.